Obtaining a green card in the United States is a significant milestone, granting individuals lawful permanent resident (LPR) status. While the biometrics to green card process time can vary depending on the case and location, it typically takes several months to a year. Once obtained, a green card opens the door to a wealth of opportunities and rights, along with specific responsibilities. Understanding what you can do with a green card and its duration is crucial for making the most of your new status and ensuring compliance with U.S. immigration laws.
What Can You Do After Getting a Green Card?
- Live and Work Anywhere in the U.S.
As a green card holder, you have the right to live and work in any state or city in the United States without restrictions. You can take any job that aligns with your skills and career goals, except for certain positions limited to U.S. citizens, such as federal jobs. - Travel Freely
A green card allows you to travel outside the U.S. and return without needing a visa. However, you must avoid extended stays abroad (typically over six months) as it could jeopardize your residency status. - Access to Social Benefits
Green card holders may qualify for benefits like Social Security, Medicare, and other government assistance programs after meeting specific residency or work requirements. - Sponsor Family Members
You can petition to bring certain family members, such as your spouse or unmarried children, to the U.S. as permanent residents. - Pursue Education Opportunities
With a green card, you are eligible for in-state tuition at public universities, access to financial aid, and scholarships. - Apply for Citizenship
After holding a green card for a specific period—typically five years (or three years if married to a U.S. citizen)—you can apply for U.S. citizenship through naturalization. - Start a Business
Green card holders can start or invest in businesses in the U.S. without additional permits or restrictions.
How Long Does a Green Card Last?
- Standard Green Card Validity
Most green cards are valid for 10 years. After this period, you must renew your card using Form I-90. Renewal is straightforward and doesn’t affect your permanent resident status. - Conditional Green Cards
If you obtained a green card through marriage or investment, you might receive a conditional green card valid for two years. Before it expires, you must file a petition to remove conditions (Form I-751 or I-829) and obtain a permanent green card. - Maintaining Your Green Card Status
While the card itself expires, your permanent resident status does not. However, you must maintain your residency by:- Avoiding prolonged stays outside the U.S.
- Filing U.S. taxes as a resident.
- Not committing crimes that could make you deportable.
- Abandonment of Status
If you spend more than 12 months outside the U.S. without obtaining a reentry permit, you may be deemed to have abandoned your residency.
Responsibilities as a Green Card Holder
- File U.S. Taxes: You must report your global income and pay applicable taxes annually.
- Update USCIS About Address Changes: Notify the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) within 10 days of moving.
- Adhere to Laws: Violations of certain laws can lead to deportation.
Final Thoughts
Getting a green card in the U.S. is a life-changing achievement that provides stability and access to numerous opportunities. However, it’s essential to understand the rights and responsibilities associated with your status to maintain your residency and plan for the future. Whether you aim to start a career, reunite with family, or pursue citizenship, a green card serves as a foundation for building a fulfilling life in the United States.
